臺北市某國中學生運動社會心理、身體意象與規律運動相關研究

The relationships among exercise psychosocial factors, body image and regular exercise behavior of a Taipei junior high school's students

本研究在探討國中生運動社會心理、身體意象與規律運動行為的現況，以及三者 的關係。以分層隨機方式自就讀於台北市某國中的七、八年級學生中選出12班，並採自填結構式問卷為工具收集資料。有效樣本377人，回收率98.95％。所得資料以百分比、平均值、t檢定、卡方檢定、邏輯斯迴歸分析等方法進行統計。重要發現如下：一、男生規律運動比率高於女生(54.6％：45.4％)。二、規律運動者的運動自我效能、知覺運動利益、運動社會支持和運動享樂感均高於無規律運動者；相反地，無規律運動者的知覺運動障礙高於規律運動者。三、有規律運動的男生外表評價、體能評價、體能適應、健康評價、健康適應與身體滿意度皆高於無規律運動的男生。有規律運動的女生體能評價、體能適應與健康適應高於無規律運動的女生。四、在調整個人背景變項的影響後，運動自我效能可有效預測男生的規律運動行為(OR=3.09，95％ C. I. =1.94〜4.93)；健康適應(OR=1.97，95％ C. I. =1.06～3.66)則是女生規律運動行為的預測因素。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the exercise psychosocial factors, body image and regular exercise behavior of junior high school students, and to further examine their relationships. By using a stratified cluster sampling method, 377 valid samples (response rate 98.95%) of the seventh and eighth grade students in one Taipei junior high school were surveyed with a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed with t test, chi-square test and logistic regression. The main results of this research are summarized as follows: 1. The regular exercise rate of males was higher than that of females. 2. Self-efficacy, perceived benefits, social support, and sport enjoyment reported by those who did regular exercise were significantly higher than those who did not do regular exercise. On the other hand, the perceived barriers for exercise of those who did not do regular exercise were higher than that of those who did regular exercise. 3. Among males, body image such as appearance, physical and health evaluation, physical orientation, health orientation and body satisfaction of those who did regular exercise were higher than those who did not do regular exercise. Among females, physical evaluation, physical and health orientation of those who did regular exercise were higher than those who did not do regular exercise. 4. Adjusted for background variables, the most important predictor of male regular exercise was perceived self-efficacy for exercise (OR=3.09, 95% C.I.= 1.94~4.93). However, health orientation was the important predictor (OR=3.09, 95% C.I.= 1.06~3.66) of female regular exercise after adjusted for background variables.