社區老人睡眠品質、失眠類型與求助方式之研究－－以臺北市基督長老教會松年大學為例

The sleep quality, types of insomnia and help-seeking methods of the elder in senior college of Taipei Presbyterian church

研究旨在瞭解老人睡眠品質現況，探討睡眠品質與個人背景因素之間的關係，並比較不同失眠類型患者之睡眠品質與求助方式的差異。採立意取樣，以台北市基督長老教會松年大學年齡55歲以上之234位學員為研究對象。研究結果發現：睡眠品質不良者佔72.6％，多數的受訪對象之睡眠品質屬於「不佳」的情況，「入睡潛伏期過長」是為受訪對象最普遍的睡眠困擾。有三成以上的受訪對象使用處方或非處方之藥物幫助睡眠。「睡眠衛生習慣愈差」、「女性」、「罹患慢性疾病總數愈多」以及「社經地位愈低」之研究對象，睡眠品質愈差。研究對象約佔三成以上罹患失眠症，多數失眠症患者採取自我協助方式以改善睡眠品質。根據研究結果，建議應重視老人睡眠問題，成立專屬睡眠問題諮詢管道，針對高危險群以及不同失眠症患者提供適切的睡眠衛生教育課程與藥物教育，並著重評估失眠症患者之心理狀況以及提升睡眠醫學專業認知與專業人員的培訓。

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the current sleep quality of the elderly, to explore its relationship with demorgraphic characteristics, and to compare the differences on sleep quality and help-seeking methods among different types of insomniacs. The purposive sampling was designed. The data were collected from 234 individuals aged above 55 in senior colleges of Taipei Presbyterian church. The following conclusions were drawn from the study; there were 72.6% of subjects classified the poor sleepers, and the result indicated that sleep quality of most subjects was not good. The most common problem among subjects is the increasing of sleep latency makes hard to sleep. The finding indicated that subjects' using prescribed or non-prescribed medications was above thirty percentage. While the worse level of sleep hygiene, female, the more number of chronic diseases and the lower socioeconomic status the subjects were, the worse sleep quality they showed. Above thirty percentage of subjects was insomniac. Most insomniacs used self-care methods to improve their sleep quality. According to main results, the researcher proposed several suggestions, inclusive of stressing sleep impairment of the elderly and establishing channels-of consult to solving sleep problems of the aged, providing risk groups of insomnia and different types of insomnia with sleep hygiene education and drug education, emphasizing evaluation of mental status of insomniacs and elevating cognition on sleep medicine and training professionals.