學校噪音與教師授課音量、嗓音健康及其聽覺徵候變化之相關研究

A relationship study on the school noise and teachers' teaching voice loudness, vocal health, and acoustic signs change

本論文之主要目的在探討學校環境噪音與教師授課音量之關連，又吵靜地區學校教師之自覺嗓音健康問題及其聽覺徵候變化是否不同。經學校環境噪音現勘結果，立意選取研究樣本包括吵地區之國小級任老師126名及郊區安靜學校教師100名。以問卷收集教師基本資料及其自覺嗓音異常之狀況，並經教室背景音量調查、教師授課音量測量及教師嗓音音質錄音資料之實驗室分析。結果發現教師授課音量會隨教室背景噪音升高而增加，證明教室背景噪音易誘發教師造成不良的發聲習慣。教師平均回答有3個顯著嗓音問題症狀，且吵校教師自覺有明顯症狀者顯著較靜校教師多。然而三項聽覺徵候(jitter、shimmer和H／N比）並未隨授課時間增長而有顯著變化，顯示其與教師主觀感受之不一致性，但在shimmer值上吵靜校間有顯著差異，表示吵校教師之嗓音狀況較差。

The main purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between school noise and teachers' teaching voce loudness also provide the data about the relationship of noise and teachers' vocal problems, and their acoustic signs change. Participants included 126 employed primary teachers who teaching class with the noise level reaching over 65 dB (A), and a comparison group of 100 teachers who teaching class with the noise level below 55dB (A). A set of classroom background noise, teachers' teaching voice loudness, and teachers' acoustic analyses measurements were carried out. A questionnaire to elicit information about the teachers' vocal problems was also designed. The result of this study indicated that the school noise level lead to the elevation of teachers' teaching voice loudness. The average symptom number associated with voice disorders was three, and the teacher from the noisy school reported more than that in the quiet school. None of three acoustics signs (jitter, shimmer, and H/N ratio ) was strongly related to teachers' perceived vocal problem severity, but there was a significant difference on measures of shimmer between noisy group and quiet group.