日本的企業與照顧服務產業企業的發展動向與經營策略分析

Private Enterprises and Care Service Business in Japan: The Development Trends and Business Strategies of Private Enterprises

日本自2000 年4 月起實施「介護保險制度」之後，為了因應服務多元化及服務輸送效率化之需求，開放企業經營照顧服務事業，因此改變了傳統的照顧服務輸送體系，並助長了照顧服務產業的發展。本文主要在探討日本企業在照顧服務市場中的發展趨勢和經營策略。近年來，台灣的照顧服務已經逐漸民營化，日本的實施經驗對於我國的政策建構與服務提供團體具有高度的參考價值。本文探討的焦點如下：1.日本長期照顧產業發展的背景環境－－即「介護保險制度」的實施。2.長期照顧服務市場中的企業的發展趨勢及現況，並針對跨行業大企業（如電力公司等）的經營進行分析。3.目前經營長期照顧服務事業的企業所採取的經營策略，包括行銷策略及人力管理策略等。4.照顧服務企業經營的相關課題，包括營利性與公益性的平衡、相關政策的取向等。

The Long-term Care Insurance System has been taken to action since April 2000 in Japan. To meet the need in diversification and efficiency of care services, the private enterprises have participated in delivering care services, which turned the traditional care service delivery system into the new system. The care service business is prosperous nowadays. This paper clarifies recent trends and the business strategies of private enterprises in the elderly care service market, and proposes and effective future business for the elderly care services Market in Japan. The Japanese experience of long-term care services provided by the private enterprises could offer Taiwan society many points of care countermeasure. The following issues were discussed in this article: 1.The background analysis on the development of long-term care service business, which was the practice of Long-term Care Insurance System. 2.The elderly care services industry is well underway, and as result many private companies have strengthened their care services and facilities care service business that have a high profit ratio. 3.The trends and states of private enterprises in care services business; especially focus on the development of care service in the inter-trade companies (ex. electric companies etc.), which were advancing in this field. 4.Some effective business strategies of the private enterprises in the care service business, included marketing and HR strategies. 5.The management issues of private enterprises, which supplies care services, included how private enterprises keep the balance of profit and the non-profit, and the topic of the administration policy etc.