學習障礙問題初探

The Preliminary Study of Learning Disabilities

近年來有不少研究文獻指出，學習障礙學生學習低成就的現象，主要癥結在此類學生不能利用其完整的知能從事有效的學習，而造成學習失敗。鑒於研讀文獻是一切研究的根本，為探究學習障礙學生學習低成就的原因所在，本文以文獻分析研究法先研析個體的學習要成功、有效率所應具備的基本條件，並以「訊息處理論」(information processing theory)的學習理論來探究個體的學習歷程與缺陷，來進一步解釋學習障礙學生學習低成就的現象，以做為將來進行實驗研究的架構。有關初步的個案研究，請參閱附錄。

This paper is tracing developments in the attempt to describe and understand underachievements in learning disabilities which have considerable significance for special educators. It begins with the requisite components for learning success with the individual and moves to the analysis of learning processing by using Gange’s ＂information processing theory”to explore learning disabilities underlying in the assumptions on deficits in learning abilities or learning strategies. In addition, a brief summary of research findings is offered, and suggestions for future research directions will be considered. However, the preliminary case study is presented in appendix.