血液透析患者之憂鬱狀態及影響因素探討

The Depressive Symptoms and Related Factors of Hemodialysis Patients

本研究採立意取樣之回溯性調查法，共收集100位東部地區某教學醫院的慢性腎衰竭病患，主要目的在了解血液透析患者的憂鬱狀態及其相關因素。收集到的資料以百分比、平均值、標準差呈現，並使用t檢定、單因子變異數分析、卡方檢定、Scheffe's多重檢定及簡單線性迴歸等方法，進行資料統計與分析。研究結果顯示：血液透析患者中，73%的患者有憂鬱狀態，且中到重度憂鬱狀態的患者佔64%。而無職業者、65歲以上者、每月可用金錢在3萬元以下者、自覺負擔醫療費用有困難者、教育程度在小學以下者，其憂鬱狀態程度明顯比其他族群高，且平均呈現重度憂鬱狀態。其中，金錢(F=12.49，p<.01)、年齡(F=12.38，p<.01)、教育(F=11.44，p<.01)、職業(t=5.34，p<.01)為影響憂鬱狀態的重要因素，可解釋血液透析患者憂鬱狀態總變異量的46%。此研究結果將可提供臨床醫護人員在提昇血液透析患者照護品質之參考。This study is a retrospective research using purposive sampling. A total of 100 patients with hemodialysis were recruited from a medical center in eastern Taiwan. The purpose was to explore the depressive symptoms and its related factors of hemodyalysis patients. Data were collected by the Assessment Recording Table and Beck Depression Inventory II. The results showed that a large number of hemodialysis patients had depressive symptoms. In the total number of 100, 64% of patients had middle and serious depressive symptoms. Female had higher depressive symptoms than male, but middle depressive symptoms was noted both of them. Most of the patients who had serious depressive symptoms were unemployed, aged over 65, with monthly income below 30,000 NT dollars, perceived difficulty to pay medical payment, and at the educational level under elementary school. Monthly income, age, education and profession explained 46% of the total variances in depressive symptoms. The results can help develop health education for hemodialysis patients.