建構主義在桌球教學之應用

The application of constructivism in table tennis teaching

在現今提倡培養學生自主思考與主動學習的教育思潮之下，過去強調以教師為中心的體育教學已日漸式微。而桌球運動因來球速度快、旋轉千變萬化的特性，造成初學者在動作技能的學習面臨相當大的挑戰，導致學生的挫折感增加，降低學習動機。因此筆者旨在透過建構主義之核心價值精神，並融入自身桌球教學之經驗，提出另一種桌球教學思維及應用，盼能引起學生學習之動機，並進一步提升桌球學習成效。藉由建構主義精神所設計的學習單元，提供思考與論辯的情境，透過與同儕的腦力激盪下，在不同概念的交互衝擊過程中，逐步內化為新知識。透過比賽方式，提供學習者身體建構之管道，實踐自身知識，達到做中學之目的，並逐步釐清旋轉、摩擦及戰術等較複雜的桌球概念，建構屬於自己的桌球知識。With the recent education trend of advocating critical thinking and active learning, the teacher-centered teaching method in physical education is languishing. Table tennis has two features of high speed and various spinning way, which makes beginners feel challenged and depressed to learn. It as well lowers their learning motivation. Because of that, a whole new thought and application in table tennis teaching was proposed, with the purpose of implementing personal teaching experience through the core value of constructivism. It is hoped that students' learning motivation can be raised and meanwhile their learning achievement can be improved. Through different units based on the value of constructivism, different situations are provided for thinking and debating. In addition, by brainstorming among peers as well as the process of interaction among different concepts, the units can be internalized as new knowledge. Competitions offer a way for learners to construct their body, practice what they have learned and achieve the goal of learning by doing. Furthermore, competitions help clear complex concepts such as spinning, friction or tactics and, most important of all, build up our own knowledge in table tennis.