論「無無」思想在「莊子」處世寓言之運用

On the Application of 'Non Non' in the Fables of the Zhuang-zi

道家思想以「道」為本，莊子的道論多承襲老子而來，不同處在於莊子更進一步發揮人道，重視個體生命的價值。老子以「無」為體的思想，在莊子則有超越一層的「無無」之說。莊子提出「無無」，目的不在創造更高的理境，而是希望破除「有」的執跡，最後連「無」的形跡也無掉，突破「有」、「無」二執，才是最終的根本。「無無」作為工夫論，可以直接對應個體生命的處世態度，因此，本文除了提出莊子的「無無」思想之外，再由《莊子》的寓言之中，分析面對不同的對象、相異的困境時，如何化用「無無」為處世的智慧，使生命無所滯累。The thought of the Daoist bases on 'dao.' Zhuangzi's thought on dao mostly inherits the views of Lao-Tze, and further, the former develops the thought for humanity and respects the value of individuals. Loa-Tze's thought bases on 'Non.' Moreover, Zhuangzi develops 'Non Non,' which is not for higher ideal realm, but for getting rid of attachment of 'Being,' empting 'Non,' and finally eliminating both 'Being' and 'Non.' 'Non Non,' as the theory of self cultivation, corresponds to individuals' attitudes towards life. Therefore, in this study, 'Non Non' is proposed, followed by analyzing how different roles in the fables of the Zhuang-zi applies 'Non Non' to overcome various kinds of difficulties and keep life running smoothly.