宋代詩話中的才學關係試詮

Defining the Relationship Between Innate Talent and Aquired Knowledge in Song Dynastic Poetry

詩話一類著作肇自宋代，其最初作用固然在於資談笑，然而隨著述者日眾，對於詩話記載的內容也相對廣博，而探討的論題也漸具學術意義。以一般詩學史所述宋代詩學，則多半取「以文字為詩，以才學為詩，以議論為詩」做為綱要，說明宋詩及宋代詩學的特色。然而，詳考兩宋詩話著作達百種之多，所載內容對於一般詩學史引嚴羽所述以「文字」、「才學」、「議論」為詩的說法，實則不盡相符。緣此，筆者查索相關文獻，目的在探求宋人在詩話著作中，對於才學關係的認知究竟為何。同時按文獻時代先後，歸整類目，發現宋詩話對學問、學力之外的才力觀念多所探論，且自北宋以來的詩話就已顯示出這種現象，到了南宋時期，對於才力的討論更加蓬勃，可見「以才學為詩」此一批評對宋詩並非完全可以代表宋人的觀念。因此，在詩學史上對於宋代詩學只強調學力的陳述，實則應該予以補充為：學以輔才、才學並重為是。Poetry began to develop from the Song Dynasty, it's object is to provide a material chat.But then more and more people to write poetry, poetry is also more content. It also gradually discussion academic. States the Song Dynasty poetics by the general poetics history, then mostly takes 'take the writing as the poem, take the scholarship as the poem, take the discussion as the poem' does for the summary, explains the poem of Song Dynasty and the Song Dynasty poetics characteristic. However, there are more than one hundred kinds of Poetry, it's contents are not the same as what Yan Yu saying. Reason this, I checked the relevant information, and want to know where the Poetry of Song Dynasty how to explain the relationship between innate talent and aquired knowledge. According to the information, I found that this has already happened in Northern Song Dynasty, and there are more discussion in Southern Song Dynasty. Obviously, take the scholarship as the poem can not represent the idea of the Song Dynasty. The regulations should give to supplement is: Studies auxiliary take only then, the scholarship pays equal attention to as is.