飲食禮儀的身心過渡意涵及文化象徵意義－－以三「禮」齋戒、祭祖為核心進行探討

The Relationship between the Rite of Passage and the Cultural Symbols in Ceremonial Diet: A Discussion Centering on the Sanli

本文欲從齋戒及祭祀祖先著眼，探討祭祀前之齋戒、祭祀中所供奉的祭品、祭祀後的共食儀式中，飲食所具有的神秘力量與政教上的功能。在論述上，本文以通過儀式為軸線，同時又從飲食所呈現的文化符號及象徵意義進行細部分析，以呈現整個齋戒與祭祀過程中，飲食所扮演的區隔於日常、改變意識狀態、淨化、過渡的神秘功效，以及就家族意義上的合族屬、序倫常等重要功能。Focusing on the rites of dietary practice and sacrifices offered to ancestors, this paper studies sacrificial offering, post-ceremonial feasting, and the mystical power of diet, as well as political and cultural functions of diet. In order to discover the significance of foods during the process of dietary restrictions and sacrifice, I make a close analysis of the cultural signs and symbolic meanings of diet as a rite of passage. We can then find numerous important functions, such as distinguishing the extraordinary from matters of daily life, changing the state of consciousness, purifying body and mind, and 'normalizing' the family.