量表的建構與測試

Instrument development and testing

研究工具的良窳是影響研究結果是否可信且具實用價值的關鍵。當沒有適合研究主題的測量工具時，研究者就必須自行發展量表。量表發展一般分為量表建構與信效度測試兩個階段。本文將以筆者發展量表的經驗針對此兩個階段及其步驟逐項說明。期望藉由本文的介紹，有助於護理人員瞭解量表發展的過程，進而能發展出具信效度且實用之量表並應用於臨床實務上。

The quality of a research instrument is a crucial element that influences the reliability of study results. Researchers would have to develop a new instrument in order to meet their research needs if they are unable to find an appropriate tool/scale to measure the research variable. The procedures of an instrument development are generally divided into two steps: constructing the instrument and testing the validity and reliability (i.e., psychometric assessment). This article will be presented following the procedures step-by-step through the author's practical experience with instrument development. It is hoping that this article could contribute to the health professional understanding how to develop an instrument with satisfactory validity and reliability and further apply it to clinical practice.