日韓基礎設施出口策略及對臺灣的啟示

The Lessons of Japan and South Korea’s Infrastructure Export Strategy for Taiwan

營造業涵蓋了投資開發、興建生產、行銷分配及管理維護，整個工程時間實際上較長，因此對其他產業的影響較深，誘發效果也較大。日本在國內景氣低迷之下，擬藉由營造實力，進一步擴大海外市場，韓國由於國內營造市場趨近飽和，大力向海外尋求營造商機，均獲得相當的成效。我國國內營造市場同樣逐漸飽和，國內營造業的設備、人才均有閒置或斷層之虞，亟需朝向海外發展。日、韓兩國的作法相當值得我國學習，政府有必要具體訂定長期基礎設施出口計畫，帶動國內營造業全球化，提供業者爭取工程包攬或投標的良好環境等；業者必須強化國內外業界合作關係，開發新市場，提升業界本身實力與設法區隔市場，以發電、水處理及都市化業務為重點，以及善用國際融資及國際避險工具等。

Construction industry includes investment and development, production and construction, marketing and allocation, management and maintenance, etc. Owing to this, an entire construction project actually takes quite a long time, and its impact or induced effects on other industries is relatively large. In the midst of domestic economic depression, Japan wants to expand its overseas market through its strength in the construction industry. South Korea, due to the approaching saturation of domestic construction market, also vigorously seeks business opportunities overseas; both have seen considerable success. The domestic construction market in Taiwan is also gradually approaching saturation, the equipment and manpower of construction industry is at risk of being left idle or suffering succession gaps, so development overseas is really needed. The approach of Japan and South Korea is quite worthy of emulation; the government must make a concrete long-term infrastructure export plan, stimulate the globalization of the domestic construction industry, and provide industry good conditions for bidding for engineering contracts; operator must strengthen domestic and international construction industry partnerships, develop new markets, enhance their strength and try to do segment the markets, focusing on generation of electricity, water treatment and urbanization operations, and make good use of international finance and international hedging tools.