物價情勢分析與穩定物價的相關措施

Price Situation Analysis and Policy Response

近年來國際原油與重要原物料價格攀升，已逐漸對台灣物價有所影響；除躉售物價（WPI）已呈現較大的漲幅外，2007年初以來，消費者物價（CPI）中，石油、金屬與穀物等相關分類，亦已相繼呈現若干漲勢，並且消費頻率高的非耐久財，漲幅更為明顯，顯示此波國際原油及重要原物料價格攀升，已逐漸轉嫁至消費市場，影響民眾感受。因此，為紓緩潛在的漲價壓力，政府已採行穩定物價的相關措施。展望未來，在石油產能瀕臨上限、石油需求增加又相對快速下，生質能源需求仍將持續，又開發中國家正邁向工業化，金屬消費量增加率高，國際原油、金屬與大宗穀物價格，仍有支撐力量；台灣為小型開放經濟體，很難避免不受國際物價上漲的影響，長期仍應協助廠商提升生產效率，同時貫徹節約能源，提升能源使用效率等政策。

The upward trend of international oil, metal and grain prices in recent years has gradually affected Taiwan. The impact on the consumer price index (CPI) was less direct, however, since early 2007, Taiwan’s CPI sub-indices for oil, metals and cereals have ticked up one after another, while prices of non-durable consumer goods have risen even faster and been felt most deeply. The government has responded by adopting measures to alleviate potential inflationary pressure. Looking forward, oil and grain prices are likely to remain high under continued supply constraints coupled with faster increasing demand. At the same time, rapid industrialization and infrastructure needs can be expected to sustain high levels of demand for metals in emerging markets. Being a small, open economy, Taiwan cannot escape from the inflationary pressure from international price escalations. Hence, it is important for policymakers to seek ways to promote production efficiency, improve energy conservation, and raise energy efficiency.