棒錘瓜抗發炎作用之藥理學研究

Pharmacological Studies of the Anti-inflammatory Activity of Neoalsomitra Integrifoliola

棒錘瓜Neoalsomitra integrifoliola，(Curcurbitaceae)臺灣民間用於發炎、肝炎及甲狀腺腫。本研究的目的在於使用各種不同的實驗動物模式來探討棒錘瓜的抗發炎作用。小白鼠經口給與棒錘瓜的甲醇粗抽出物及其各種不同溶媒分層抽出物，經40分鐘後由腹腔注入0.6%醋酸，同時由尾靜脈注入色素，再經20分鐘後，將小白鼠屠殺之。剖開腹腔，洗出色素，以分光光度計測滲出色素的量。結果顯示對醋酸所引起的血管滲透性亢進，甲醇粗抽出物及乙酸乙酯分層抽出物具用量依存性的抑制作用。因此以乙酸乙酯抽出物繼續以下的實驗。大白鼠經口給與乙酸乙酯抽出物(5, 10mg/kg)，30分鐘後由右腳足蹠部經皮下注入0.1毫升的致發炎劑。所用的致發炎劑有1%有鹿角菜、1%福馬林、0.1%緩動素及0.1%化合物48/80。乙酸乙酯抽出物(10mg/kg)對鹿角菜及福馬林引起的大白鼠足蹠浮腫具抑制效果，但對緩動素及化合物48/80則無效。顯示乙酸乙酯抽出物的的抗發炎作用與緩動素及組織胺無關。另外，乙酸乙酯抽出物(5, 10mg/kg)與致發炎劑鹿角菜同時給與或在鹿角菜給與3小時後才給與，發現乙酸乙酯抽出物(10mg/kg)仍具抑制鹿角菜發炎作用。大白鼠經口給與乙酸乙酯抽出物(5, 10mg/kg)，30分鐘後由胸腔注入0.15毫升1%鹿角菜。鹿角菜注入3小時後，在乙醚麻醉下大白鼠由頸部放血屠殺之，剖開胸腔，收集滲出液。結果顯示乙酸乙酯抽出物(5, 10mg/kg)對鹿角菜所引起的胸膜炎也具抑制作用，能使滲出液體積、滲出蛋白質及白血球的移出減少。又，胸膜炎滲出液中前列腺素E2樣物質的含量測定，是合併5-10隻大白鼠的胸腔滲出液，經由乙酸乙酯抽出而後濃縮備用。測定時以大白鼠胃條片表面灌流法，記錄等尺性收縮。結果發現乙酸乙酯抽出物(5, 10mg/kg)可以抑制前腺素E2樣物質的產生。大白鼠在乙醚麻醉下，鼠蹊部埋入事先經消毒過的棉球（重量為39±2mg）。而後每天一次經口給與乙酸乙酯抽出物(2.5, 5.0, 7.5mg/kg)，經6天後在乙醚麻醉下，取出棉球，置於玻璃皿上，在70℃經一晚拱乾，算出肉芽重量。結果顯示乙酸乙酯抽出物對綿球肉芽增生無抑制效果。由上述結果顯示：棒錘瓜確具抗發炎作用，其有效成分存在於乙酸乙酯分層。作用的機轉與前列腺素E2樣物質的產生有關。對急性發炎有預防治療的效果，但對亞急性發炎則無效。

Neoalsomitra integrifoliola (Cucurbitaceae) was investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity in experimental animals. Fractions obtained from the methanol total extract were investigated in mice for their effect on the increase in vascular permeability induced by intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid. The methanol total extract and ethyl acetate extract (Et0Ac ext.) were found to inhibit the increase in vascular permeability. Therefore, the Et0Ac ext. was further studied. Et0Ac ext. inhibited carrageenan and formalin induced paw edema in rats, but not that of compound 48/80 and bradykinin. In addition, Et0Ac ext. showed a decrease of pleurisy induced by carrageenan in: exudation volume, protein exudation and the amounts of prostaglandin E2-like substances. It also showed an inhibition of leukocyte migration. The anti-inflamatory mechanism of Et0Ac ext. may be related to prostaglandin inhibition. However, Et0Ac ext. showed no inhibitory effect on the cotton pellet induced granuloma. Our findings suggested that Et0Ac ext. exerted an inhibitory effect on acute inflammation rather than subcuate inflammation.