愛爾蘭大饑荒史學的學術與政治－－以瑟西爾．伍登-史密斯的《大饑饉》為例

Scholarship and Politics in the Historiography of the Great Irish Famine：The Case of Cecil Woodham-Smith's The Great Hunger

本文試圖修正長期通行於愛爾蘭歷史學界的下列見解：專業歷史學者所編著的《大饑荒》論文集與瑟西爾•伍登．史密斯的通俗歷史作品《大饑饉》的立場截然對立。相對於此通行見解，本文主張：儘管這兩本書在政治立場與敘事形式確實有別，伍登．史密斯的《大饑饉》在實質內容上卻受到《大饑荒》論文集的影響，以至於伍登．史密斯在寫作《大饑饉》時，修改了她過去在寫作另一部通俗歷史作品《原因為何》時所持的極端愛爾蘭民族主義立場。不幸的是，由於學院偏見以及政治因素，使得《大饑荒》論文集與伍登．史密斯《大饑饉》這兩本書的共通點往往被評論者忽略了。

Fu Bai-cui, a Hakka from Shanghang County in Minxi region, was a multi-faceted local rural elite during the period of the Republican China. His rise to prominence was attributed to his power, wealth, and exercise of local Hakka cultural and interpersonal network. Besides, Fu was a revolutionary intellectual and a disciple of Sun Yat-sen at the very beginning, and then he was forced to participate in the communist revolution. Being excommunicated by the Chinese Communist Party in 1931, however, Fu maintained a left-wing local elite and insisted in rural reform until 1949, when he rejoined the CCP. This article tries to reconstruct the history of Fu Bai-cui and explore the multidimensional characters of local rural elites during the period of the Republican China.