污泥骨材作為綠建材再利用之工程特性研究

A Research on the Engineering Characteristics of Sewer Sludge Artificial Aggregate Used as Recycling Concrete Aggregate Material

本文探討污泥骨材作為綠建材的工程特性研究，首先將下水道污泥經過脫水、晾曬、燒結至800℃成塊狀灰渣，經研磨、篩分成粉末，再和波索蘭材料調配、混拌、擠壓、射出、搓揉、造粒成直徑大小不等的球狀雛粒，養治28 天後，再製作成混凝土綠建材，並探討養治時間、抗壓強度、彈性模數、碳化量、熱傳導率等關係，並進行一系列試驗，再以迴歸方式獲得相互間關係曲線，以作為日後工程界設計與施工參考。由研究結果顯示，在造粒配比中以C6-S51-SSA43 配比成本最低，其成份與一般骨材相似，對於土壤、地下水等自然環境將不致造成影響與污染。在整個混凝土配比中彈性模數、動態彈性模數、動態剪力模數、壓力波速及剪力波速均隨抗壓強度平方根增加而增加，其彈性模數經迴歸後E =13375 ，很接近ACI Code 318 中 E =15000 。其碳化量以SSA040、SSA052 等碳化作用程度較大，遠低於一般fcr 為280 kgf/cm2 於空氣中養治混凝土，顯示污泥骨材混凝土碳化作用程度較一般河床骨材混凝土輕微。熱傳導係數介於0.540.68 之間，其熱傳導係數僅為常重混凝土的一半，充分顯示污泥骨材為良好綠色建材。

This article probes into the engineering characteristics of sewer sludge artificial aggregate used as recycling concrete aggregate material. Dehydrated, dried, sintered and agglomerated sewer sludge at 800℃ into ash pieces, and then grinded to powder through 100 meshes screen, mixed with pozzolan material and water are translated into ball aggregate of different sizes through extrusion, injection molding, rubbing and granulation, then cured 28days used as coarse and fine aggregate of concrete. Then concrete is made to discuss the relations among time of maintenance, compression strength, elasticity modulus, carbonization amount, and thermal conductivity ratio. A series of tests are made to obtain the regression curves as references for engineering and construction. The research results show that, the aggregate made from sludge ash at a mix ratio of C6-S51-SSA43 has ingredients and strength similar to those of ordinary aggregates, and would not impact or pollute the natural environment including soil and ground water. As to concrete made from sludge aggregate, its elasticity modulus, dynamic elasticity modulus, dynamic shear stress modulus, compression stress velocity and shear stress velocity all increase with the growth of the square root of compression strength. In respect of sludge aggregate concrete, mix ratio SSA032 has the maximum strength, while SSA056 the minimum. In respect of sludge aggregate concrete, the elasticity modulus after regression E = 13375 .Obviously, sludge aggregate concrete is better, because its elasticity modulus is closer to that of ACI Code 318, E =15000 . In respect of sludge aggregate, SSA040, SSA052 have greater carbonization amount, lower than fcr=280 kgf/cm2, showing that the carbonization amounts of sludge aggregate concrete is less than that of ordinary aggregate concrete. The thermal conductivity coefficient is between 0.54 and 0.68, only a half of that of ordinary concrete, indicating that this kind of green building material is good material for thermal insulation.