車站特定區都市設計防災規範之研究－－以嘉義市火車站為例

Disasters Prevention Guidelines in Urban Design for Station Specific Districts: An Empirical Study in Chia-Yi Station

本研究經相關文獻的研究與分析，彙整出都市設計 5 項評估項目及21 項評估因子。經由問卷調查與分析階層程序法（analytic hierarchy process ，A.H.P ）的分析，進行關係權重的研究，提出10 項需積極納入都市防災概念的評估因子，並彙整出都市防災與都市設計關連性對照表。利用問卷分析後之架構，於都市設計中提出（ 一） 土地及建築物使用管制原則、（二）交通運輸系統規劃原則、（三）開放空間及植栽綠化設計原則、（四）建築管制原則以及（五）建築附加物及街道傢具管制原則等5 項車站特定區之原則性的規範內容。本文的實證研究地區，係於嘉義市鐵路地下化後所形成的車站特定區。透過實地調查、都市更新區劃設分析、梅山斷層強震時所產生之地表重力加速度、土壤液化與淹水潛勢等災害潛勢分析，檢討並獲得嘉義車站周邊地區防災的重要課題。依據上述分析乃提出車站特定區之都市設計構想，以為後續擬定都市設計規範時之參考。

This research summarized 5 factors and a total of 21 question items in urban design based on previous studies. A questionnaire survey and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were then applied for weighting related studies. 10 items of evaluation factors were proposed to incorporate into urban disaster precaution. A list of equivalent correlation between urban design and urban disaster prevention was obtained. Results of data analyses suggest 5 principles of special station district which include: (1) restrictions of land and building use, (2) planning of a transportation system, (3) design of open space and greenness by plants, (4) structural design of buildings, and (5) building ancillary matter and street furniture. A specific district after undergroundization of Chia-Yi railway station in Taiwan was examined empirically in this study. A field study with a survey was conducted. Issues such as planning of renewed urban area, gravity acceleration of ground surface, soil liquefaction and inundation potentials were investigated. The paper concludes by providing guidelines for urban design in future by using the aforementioned principles.