夫妻傳統性／現代性的契合與婚姻適應之關聯

The Relationship of Congruence in Psychological Traditionality/ Modernity to Marital Adjustment

本研究旨在了解台灣華人之個人傳統性、現代性特質對婚姻適應的影響，並檢驗楊國樞、余安邦、葉明華等人於1991 年所編制之「多元個人傳統性量表」及「多元個人現代性量表」的信、效度。研究採結構式問卷調查，獲得150 對夫妻的配對資料。研究之主要發現如下：(1)在丈夫整體個人傳統性高於妻子的情況下，丈夫與妻子在整體個人傳統性及「男性優越」愈不契合，夫妻雙方的婚姻適應愈差。(2)在妻子整體個人現代性高於丈夫的情況下，妻子與丈夫在整體個人現代性上愈不契合，夫妻雙方的婚姻適應愈差。(3)楊國樞、余安邦、葉明華等人於1991 年所編制的量表經修訂精簡後，信、效度仍良好。本研究契合的構念，強調夫妻雙方在重要的價值、態度、情感、行為意向上的一致性，研究結果發現夫妻個人傳統性與現代性的契合，確實可能影響其婚姻適應，研究者希望這樣的結果可應用在未來的婚姻研究與實務工作中。

This study explored the relation of similarity in individual traditionality/ modernity to marital adjustment in contemporary Taiwanese society. Conjugal congruence was defined as the degree to which a couple shares values, attitudes, emotions, and behavioral intentions as measured by Yang et al. ‘s (1991) Multidimensional Scale of Chinese Individual Traditionality (MS-CIT) and Multidimensional Scale of Chinese Individual Modernity (MS-CIM). The reliability and validity of these measures was also tested. One hundred fifty pairs of married couples completed structured questionnaires. Analysis revealed that conjugal congruence on individual traditionality/ modernity is related to marital adjustment: (l) When the husband scored higher than the wife on individual traditionality, the greater the conjugal incongruence on overall traditionality or its component male superiority, the poorer the marital adjustment of both parties. (2) When the wife scored higher than the husband on individual modernity, the greater the conjugal incongruence on overall modernity, the poorer the marital adjustment of both parties. And, (3) the reliability and validity of the short forms of the MS-CIT and MS-CIM were acceptable. Applications of these findings in marital research and clinical practice are discussed.