注意力焦點與動作技能學習：指導與回饋

Attentional Focus and Motor Skill Learning: Instruction and Feedback

注意力焦點是影響動作技能學習的關鍵因素之一，其可區分為專注於外在環境或動作結果之外在焦點，以及專注在個體身體動作的內在焦點。教師與運動教練在進行動作技能教學或訓練時，常藉由指導語向學習者說明動作要領，或提供回饋讓學習者進行動作修正。因此，本文就注意力焦點的理論基礎與實證研究的結果，整理內外在焦點指導與回饋對於動作技能學習的效益，以提供教師與運動教練在教學或訓練上之參考。

Attention focus is one of the key factors in motor skills learning. The attention focus could divided into external focus which is focus on outside environment or movement consequence as well as internal focus which is focus on the individual body limb segment. Typically during motor skills demonstration, the teachers and sport coaches prefer to interpret the essentials of movement or correction of movement by using verbal instruction or feedback. Therefore, the purpose of this article was based on the theory and empirical studies to compare and analysis the effects of internal focus instruction and feedback on motor learning in order to provide references for teachers and sport coaches.