韻律體操教練專業能力之探討

On the Professional Competency of the Rhythmic Gymnastics Coach

運動教練專業能力是提升競技運動成績的重要因素，本文旨在透過文獻探討，建立韻律體操教練專業能力內涵。首先論述韻律體操之起源並分析其特性，包括動作表現、器械操作、音樂性表現、舞蹈表現；次論運動教練專業能力，可歸納成專業知識、技能與態度；再依此三構面歸納出韻律體操教練較特殊之專業能力內涵如下：一、專業知識：規則內涵發展與演變、運動員選材、音樂素養、舞蹈涵養；二、專業技能：心理訓練、專項體能訓練、成套編排能力、表現力訓練、動作技術指導；三、專業態度：積極進取、持續進修、敬業精神等進行探討；最後並指出未來研究及發展方向，期望提供未來研究及教練養成訓練之參考。

The professional competency of an athletic coach is an important factor of improving competition results. Through literature review, this study recapitulates the nature of the professional competency of a rhythmic gymnastics coach. This study begins with presenting the origin of rhythmic gymnastics and analyzing its features, which include the body movement performance, the apparatus manipulation, the musical accompaniment, and the dance performance. Secondly, we discuss the professional competency of an athletic coach, dividing which into knowledge, skill, and attitude. Next, based on these three components we induce that the professional competency of the rhythmic gymnastics coach includes the following: (1) professional knowledge, including the development and change of regulation, athlete selection, music literacy, and dance literacy; (2) professional skill, including psychological training, special physical training, choreographic ability, expressivity training, and skill coaching; (3) professional attitude, including aggressiveness, continuous learning, and responsibility. Finally, we point out a direction for future study and development, expecting to provide a reference for future study and coach cultivation.