從組群概念分析國際優秀吊環選手的整套動作內容

Analysis on rings routine of performances by international level gymnastics athletes from the element groups perspective

國際男子競技體操評分規則將各個單項的動作依據類型、特性來區分及歸類，此一專業規範在評分規則中稱為「組群」，而各單項之發展趨勢可從選手實施整套動作中各組群動作出現次數的多寡來判斷。因此本文運用組群概念針對國際優秀選手的吊環專項表現來進行探討，經由分析後瞭解到實施次數及動作分值較高的皆為第Ⅲ、Ⅳ組群動作，由此可知，力量動作是優秀選手們的首要選擇。另外，在Ⅴ組群部份選手皆能實施D級以上難度動作，完全符合評分規則的規範獲得完整的組群分值。就單一連接型態而言以2個擺動動作相連接實施的次數為最多，但是將靜止力量動作與擺動至靜止力量動作2者連接實施次數合併計算時則占總次數43.06%，顯示力量動作相連接實施仍是吊環項目中最主要的結構。

The Federation International de Gymnastique (FIG) 'Code of Points' scoring system assign techniques to different element groups based on style and characteristics. By observing the portion of each group being performed within competition routines, one may deduce the trend in development for each event. In this study we found that the technique performed most, as well as those that gather the most scores, belonged largely to the III and IV group. It's thus believed that strength performances were the prior consideration for elite athletes to compile their routines. Also, with regards to the V group, all athletes were able to perform techniques with difficulty levels above D, which coped with the requirement of Code of Points that techniques of all five groups should be performed in a sequence. As for consecutive techniques, the most performed were two consecutive swinging movements, but if we look at the consecutive static strength techniques and swinging technique followed by static strength, the combined percentage was 43.06%, showing that strength is still the main structure of the rings event.