The Meanings and Moral Debates of Deviant Leisure

偏差休閒真正意涵之溯源與道德爭辯

在現代人的生活中，休閒執行著極為顯著的功能，不但是人們每日生活中不可缺少的部分，其所提供的益處大多被實證可以提升人類的生活品質。然而有關休閒對於參與者的負面討論卻是常被規避的，而許多相關的議題都尚待被發現與解決。本研究的目的乃是企圖探討休閒議題中有關所謂負向休閒的論述，並提供不同的視角瞭解負向休閒如何在休閒的理論脈絡中發展，並以Rojek所提出的偏差休閒理論做為論述主軸，透過文獻探討的方式審視偏差休閒的概念。本研究從文獻探討中發現，偏差休閒或許能讓其參與者產生偏差的行為或是態度，甚至是造成犯罪行為的產生，然同時偏差休閒也提供許多與一般休閒活動相同的益處，例如：自我認同、團結感、自我表達、社會凝聚力、權力性、自由感、象徵性與享受感。因此，偏差休閒所帶給參與者的將不僅是負面的影響，同時也能帶給參與者正面的益處，此種對參與者的正負向同時影響形成一種拉鋸不斷的道德爭辯狀態。

As many leisure researchers have pointed out leisure acts as an important role in our daily life. It provides a numbers of benefits which can enrich the quality of human being and the life of individuals. However, the negative side of leisure is often neglected, and many issues regarding this topic still remain undiscovered. The main purpose of this research is to explore and to discuss the myth of the negative side of leisure and provide a broader view as to where it stands in the concept of leisure. This research is based on the concept of deviant leisure proposed by Rojek, C. Using the method of literature review to examine the concept of deviant leisure, and to acknowledge its existence as well as how it is influencing our society. The result shows that deviant leisure may lead its participants into various deviant behaviors from abnormal attitude to behaviors that even cause crime. However, it also shares similarities to ordinary leisure activities. Deviant leisure appears to provide a numbers of benefits such as a sense of identity, sense of solidarity, self-expression, social cohesion, sense of power, sense of freedom, symbolism, and enjoyment. Therefore, deviant leisure provides not only negative but also positive benefits for its participants.