老年人身體活動與睡眠品質、憂鬱症之相關探討

The association of physical activity, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms among the elderly

由於全球經濟的快速發展，醫療科技的大幅進步，世界各國紛紛邁入高齡化的社會，因此人口老化的問題逐漸受到重視。老年人隨著年齡的增長，身體功能逐漸下降，多數人患有各種慢性疾病造成生活品質不佳，進而影響到睡眠品質導致憂鬱症狀的產生。近年來身心合一的運動課程廣受矚目，課程中除了實施運動訓練外，也強調心靈層次對睡眠品質與憂鬱症的效能。有鑑於此，本文以文獻回顧方式，探究老年人睡眠障礙與憂鬱症的成因，介紹身心合一的運動課程對老年人睡眠品質與憂鬱症成效之相關研究，強調適當的運動介入與心理效能對於兩者的影響。最後提出改善老年人睡眠品質、憂鬱症之運動指導方針，除了說明合適的運動處方外，也強調運動自我效能的重要性，冀望能有效提升老年人之身體活動量，改善其睡眠品質，預防且減緩憂鬱症狀，同時促進老年人的身心健康與生活品質，享受美好的老年生活。

Due to the rapid development of the global economy and improved medical technology, many countries have a huge number of aging populations, and therefore, recently much attention has been given to the problems of an aging population. With increased ages and decreased body function many of the elderly suffer various chronic diseases which result in poor quality of life and sleep deprivation which may lead to depressive symptoms. In recent years, body and mind exercise courses have been prevailed due to their focus on spiritual efficacy of sleeping quality and depression along with exercise training. Therefore, this study attempts to review the related research which has shown the factors of sleeping problems and depressive symptoms among the elderly. The benefit of body and mind exercise courses is included to demonstrate the impact of proper exercise training intervention and exercise self-efficacy on the sleeping problems and depressive symptoms among the elderly. At last but not the least the present study demonstrates the prescription of exercise for the elderly and the importance of exercise self-efficacy to improve their levels of physical activity, sleeping quality, and reduce depressive symptoms which then should be able to promote the body and mind health and quality of life among the elderly for a better aging life.