合理原則下的單一產品問題——基於中國反壟斷法搭售案件的思考

The Single Product Issue under The Rule of Reason: Thinking Based on Chinese Tying Agreement Cases

單一產品分析被認為是判斷非法搭售是否成立的前提。中國目前搭售案件分別採用功能標準、需求標準和交易習慣標準，由此引發如何設立最優標準的疑問。單一產品標準理論上爭議較大，很難形成廣為接受的判斷標準。由此，需要從單一產品本身的法律意義出發尋求解決方案。搭售只是反壟斷法理論類型化的產物，類型化雖便於分析，但可能造成一些不必要的混淆。由於對搭售的分析逐漸從本身違法向合理原則轉變，單一產品判斷的重要性降低，並不可避免地和競爭效果的實質判斷相結合。因此，在處理單一產品問題時，可以在簡單區分搭售品和被搭售品市場的基礎上，直接分析行為的競爭效果，避免單一產品判斷上的標準衝突。

The single product issue is concerned as the requirement of illegal tying agreement. There are different standards in Chinese tying cases, including criteria based on demanding, function and trade habits.It raises a question that how to set up the best standard. But according to academic criticisms, every standard mentioned previous has its shortcoming. Therefore, new perspective is needed to understand the legal implication of single product issue. In fact, tying is one of the results of categorization under the antitrust theory system, which brings advantage and disadvantage into antitrust analysis. When basic analysis has shifted from per serule to rule of reason to tie-in, it leads to the descending of role of single product issue in tying cases. In this circumstance, it is a reasonable outcome to take the competition effect into account. So the way to avoid standard conflicts in single product issue is to combine competition effect and briefly identify the tying product market and the tied product market.