虛假訴訟與對調解書的檢察監督

False Litigation and the Procuratorate Supervision over the Conciliation Statements

近年來我國民事訴訟中虛假訴訟頻發，對司法公正造成了嚴重損害。虛假訴訟案件大多採用調解方式結案。為了應對虛假訴訟形成的調解書，立法機關增加了人民檢察院對損害國家利益、社會公共利益的調解書提出抗訴或檢察建議的規定。基於虛假訴訟形成的調解書損害的利益類型各不相同：有的損害了國家的經濟利益，有的損害了社會的經濟秩序，有的妨害了社會管理政策，有的損害了案外第三人利益。虛假訴訟損害的是複雜客體，所有的虛假訴訟都損害了國家司法上的利益和社會的公序良俗，因而對第三人利益造成損害的虛假訴訟的調解書也應當屬於檢察監督的範圍。

The frequently-brought false litigation has become a big problem in the civil litigation practice in recent years, which has caused very severe damages for the impartiality of the justice. Most of the false litigation adopted mediation to end the cases. In order to solve the problems brought by the false litigation, the legislatures added a provision that the procuratorate office shall protest or put forward procuratorate suggestions against those conciliation statements that damage state interests and social public interests. The false litigation could be divided into different types, as a result, the interests damaged also represent very complicated situations ,i. e., some damage the state economic interests, some damage the social economic order, some hinder the enforcement of the social management policy, and some damage the third parties' interests. False litigation cause damages for complicated objects, i. e., all types of the false litigations damage the state interests of justice and the social order. Consequently, the conciliation statements that have damaged the third parties' interests should fall under the realm of the procuratorate supervision.