成人教育與社會學

Adult Education and Sociology

成人教育係在社會的環境中實施。在大多數的情況下，它透過機構的途徑運作，以集體的方式施行，以追求社會及個人的進展為目的。因此，不可避免地它會受社會環境的影響，也會受到社會環境的限制。本文的主要目的在於探討成人教育與社會學的關係，以建立成人教育的社會學基礎。全文分為三大部份，即：與成人教育有關的社會學概念、社會學與成人教育問題的研究及成人教育的社會功能。在第一部份中，本文分別提出了社會組織、社會的交互作用、人囗與社會生態學及社會變遷等四種重要的社會學概念，均有助於成人教育的發展，在第二部份中，本文列舉成人班級的問題、外界環境對成人教育的看法及學生的角色問題等均可用社會學的方法來加以探討。在第三部份中，本文提出成人教育的社會功能，包括社會化功能、提供技術勞工、增進經濟效益及促住進社會流動等。

Adult Education operates in the social milieu. It works through institutions with people who are, for the most part, collected in group. Its purposes are soicial as well as individual development, consequently it is subject to the influence of its social surroundings, and is affected by the limitations imposed by social circumstances. The purpose of this article is to discuss the relationship between adult education and sociology. It includes three parts: concepts from sociology pertinent to adult education, sociology and the pratice of adult education and social functions of adult education. In the first part, the article discusses social organization, social interation, population and ecology, and social change. In the second part, the article analyzes the problem of adult education classroom, the influences of external environment toward adult education, the role of the adult as student. In the third part, the article identifies the social functions of adult education are socialization, economic-skilled labor, and mobility.