政治經濟學家赫緒曼對拉丁美洲的貢獻

Political Economist Albert O. Hirschman's Contributions to Latin America

本文探討政治經濟學家赫緒曼對拉丁美洲的貢獻。前半部分回顧其重要的文獻，包括三部曲中的《經濟發展策略》、《進步之旅》、《發展觀察》、以及《國貿結構》、《選擇出口》和《偏賴希望》。後半部分探討赫緒曼的影響，包括從國貿結構分析跨太平洋夥伴關係，從隧道效應看中國的分配不均，以及教宗方濟為何抨擊涓滴效應。《經濟學人》認為「赫緒曼從未獲得諾貝爾經濟學獎，或許因為他的作品難以定位」。赫緒曼跨越學術不同的領域早已超出了諾貝爾獎的範疇。

The article investigates political economist Albert O. Hirschman's contributions to Latin America. The first part reviews Hirschman's important literatures, including his trilogy on economic development: 'The Strategy of Economic Development, Journeys toward Progress', and 'Development Projects Observed', as well as 'National Power and the Structure of Foreign Trade, Exit, Voice, and Loyalty', and 'Bias for' Hope. The second part explores Hirschman's influences, including analysis of Trans-Pacific Partnership based on trade structure, discussion on inequality and distributive injustice in contemporary China based on Tunnel Effect, and why Pope Francis criticizes trickle-down theory. According to 'The Economist', 'Hirschman was never awarded the Nobel prize in economics he so richly deserved, perhaps because his writing was hard to classify'. He crossed academic boundaries beyond the economics.