從消費者保護觀點探討購買地上權住宅之風險

The Risks of Purchasing Superficies Right-Based Houses: The Perspective of Consumer Protection

本文以台北市「交九聯合開發案－京站」為主要分析案例，探討消費者購買地上權住宅所可能遭遇的風險以及如何確保自身權益。本文以該建案之相關領域學者及曾參與該建案之業界專家作為訪談對象，透過文獻及訪談分析結果，本文發現消費者在購買地上權住宅後，在未來使用上消費者將會面臨之風險主要有五項：定型化契約條款是否違反誠信原則、租賃權無法列為抵押權之標的物、租賃契約年限變更之風險、消費者繳交稅收之風險、普通債權有無優先性原則之風險。最後，本文認為消費者可主張特種信託的權利，當權益受損時可行使消費借貸成立後之撤銷權以及仲裁法來保障自身權益。但消費者在購買此一商品時仍應須審慎評估其風險性。

This paper tries to investigate the risks of buying superficies right-based houses for consumers and takes Zone T-9 development project in Taipei city as a case study. From the literature review we summarize the related problems and select interviewees from scholars and specialists. We find the main risks are as follows: the determinate contract, the mortgaged objective, the leasing time period, the taxation, the encumbrance without priority. Finally, this paper suggests that as consumers' rights and interests are damaged, they can execute the right of withdrawal after consumer lending and use arbitration law to protect their rights and interests. However, as consumers buy these kinds of commodities, they still should consider carefully the above risks.