幼兒氣質與音樂偏好之相關研究

Correlation between Young Children's Temperaments and Music Preference

本研究旨在探討幼兒氣質與音樂偏好之相關。本研究以臺南市六所公立幼兒園為研究場域，抽取154位年滿五足歲之幼兒為對象，並以「幼兒氣質量表」及「音樂偏好量表」為研究工具。音樂偏好施測曲目包含三種音樂風格：激進/振奮、輕快/愉悅、平靜/柔和，共十二首。每種風格的曲目分別包含鋼琴、管弦、小號和小提琴等不同音色。研究結果如下：（1）男生較女生偏好輕快/愉悅類的音樂，女生較男生偏好平靜/柔和類的音樂；（2）不同音樂經驗的幼兒之音樂偏好尚無顯著差異；（3）活動量越大的幼兒越不喜歡平靜/柔和類的音樂；（4）趨近性越大的幼兒越不喜歡小提琴之音色。最後根據以上結果，分別就教師教學與未來研究等提出建議。

The study investigated the relation between young children's temperaments and music preferences. The 154 participants aged 5-6 were randomly chosen from six public kindergartens in Tainan city. The instruments of Temperament Scale and Young Children's Music Preference Scale were used. There are totally twelve pieces including three musical styles which are agitated/exciting, calm/soft and lively/joyous in Young Children's Music Preference Scale. Each musical style comprises four different tone colors they are piano, orchestra, trumpet and violin. The results found that boys prefer lively/joyous style than girls did, whereas girls prefer calm/soft style than boys. There is no significant difference of music preferences in the young children who have different musical experiences. Young children with high activity showed a low preference for calm/soft music, and young children with high approach showed a low preference for violin music. According to the results of this study, further suggestions for teachers and researches in the future were made.