臺灣古典文學中的放逐書寫：以林爾嘉父子詩作的「原鄉」意象為例

The Homeland in the Poetry of Lin Er-jia and Lin Jing-ren

放逐，為文學中流傳恆久的母題。它是個人情志寄託的載體，並能建構出多重繁複的書寫面向。以哲學面貌來看，人類自誕生起就開始經歷放逐，並終生追尋其存有的意義；而死亡則被視為回歸的象徵。就歷史文化的演進而言，放逐的構成則攸關個體對於政治體系的認同，兼及權力核心系統中所扮演的角色。本文以板橋望族林爾嘉、林景仁父子為研究對象，探討臺灣古典文學中的放逐書寫及其呈現的文化意涵。臺灣自古就被視為放逐的空間，歷經明鄭、滿清、日本等多重政權的統治，其存有意義則展現出各種表述。本研究對象板橋林家望族，即於清末西元1895年，拒絕接受日本殖民政權統治，而舉家內渡回歸中國祖籍地福建。觀察林爾嘉父子的古典詩作中，存在著許多原鄉意象；尤其隨著林氏父子個人歷史中多次空間移動經驗，也展演出多元繁複的內涵。作者於現有的生命歷程中，營造出原鄉兼具虛、實面向的空間表述，進而解析自我意識存有。本文也將由如此放逐書寫的情境當中，探索原鄉的相應場所──「異鄉」的存有意涵。同此，也將探討林景仁的系列史詩之作，從南明這個異地流亡政權為題材，呈現出放逐書寫的內在意識。

'Exile writing' is an important generic subject of literary creation. For composition, any subject matter is the product of exile, a space constructed for self-wandering by intertwining real and surreal forms. Exile writing starts first with 'writing', combining the concept of exile and metaphysical points of view, and producing multiple conversations. Also included is the analysis of space and time in the context of exile writing. The 'epic' aspect, as a result of the molding, is the acme of expression of the ideology and the core expression of the existential meaning. In this study, we will discuss 'exile writing' in Taiwan Classical Poetry using the poetry of Lin Er-jia and his son Lin Jing-ren. Through history, Taiwan has been regarded consistently as a place of exile with differing meanings to the exile. The Lin family of Banqiao resisted Japanese rule in 1895, that is, near the end of the Qing dynasty and returned to their ancestral home of Fujan. Many words evoking the idea of 'homeland' appear in the poetry of Lin Er-jia and Lin Jing-ren upon analysis. Various nuanced connotations of 'homeland' developed with the spatial motion of the poets over the years. Not only did 'homeland' represent a physical spatial concept, it also came to represent a metaphorical place and even transformed the negative image of Taiwan as a destination for exile. Furthermore, we will explore the other side of 'homeland', 'foreign land', in the poetry of 'Lin Er-jia' and 'Lin Jing-ren', focusing on the special meaning and the experiences involved with the words. We will also discuss the relationship between the reenactment of history, death, being, and exile writing. Moreover, we will incorporate historical references and writing samples to enrich the field of research in classical literature from Taiwan under Japanese colonial period.