幼托整合對公私立幼兒園影響之初探

An Initial Study on How Integrated Kindergartens and Preschools Affect Public and Private Preschools

本研究旨在探討「幼托整合政策」與「幼兒教育及照顧法」實施後，對公私立幼兒園的影響。研究者以焦點團體訪談為主要研究方法，另外也採行個人化深度訪談方式，以彌補焦點團體訪談資料之不足。本研究依據研究發現提出以下結論：一、公立幼兒園增置契約進用人員(教保員及廚工)，所造成的影響比私立幼兒園大。二、公立幼兒園一位幼教師與一位教保員的配置在權責分工上不易取得平衡，在教學與行政的協調具挑戰性。三、教保員在公立幼兒園定位不明，工作內容卻包羅萬象，容易感受同工不同酬，甚至產生階級化問題。四、偏遠公幼招收2-6歲幼兒，年齡差距過大，影響班級經營與教學活動。五、幼兒招收年齡下降，緩解偏鄉地區招生不足的情形。六、公立幼兒園增置教保員，造成私立幼兒園教師流失問題。七、規模大、福利好或制度健全的私立幼兒園較不受整合政策的影響。

This study focused on how integrated kindergartens and preschools affect public and private preschools, specifically investigating the impact the enactment of the“2012 Integrated Kindergarten and Preschool Policy” and the “2013 Early Childhood Education and Care Act” have had on public and private preschools. This study employed a qualitative research method, where the researcher used focus group interviews as the main research method. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The addition of contractual employees, such as teachers, caregivers, and food service workers, affected public preschools more so than private preschools. 2. In public preschools, the difference in level of authority and responsibilities between teachers and caregivers were difficult to balance out, as coordination between teaching and administration tasks proved to be challenging. 3. Teachers and caregivers at public preschools had loosely defined roles where the job description basically covered everything, leading to feelings of unequal compensation for equal levels of work and potential proletarian issues. 4. In public preschools, the age difference within each class was overly large, which affected classroom management and teaching activities. 5. The lowered age limit for acceptance of children into preschools helped mitigate the lack of students for preschools in rural areas. 6. The addition of early child hood teachers and caregiver positions at public preschools caused private preschools to experience a loss of teachers. 7. Private preschools that were large in scale, offered good benefits, or were well established and managed, were not as affected by the integration policy.