青少年運動參與、自我效能與學業成就之關係探討——以臺中、彰化地區為例

The Relations Among Exercise Participation, Self-Efficacy, and the Relationships Among Adolescences' Exercise Participation, Self-efficacy, and Academic Achievement- take Taichung and Changhua Counties as Examples.

近年來國內外許多研究（例如：謝維玲，2009； Liu, Chen, Wu, Kuo, Yu, Huang, 2009）發現運動參與有助於大腦的發展，然而關於運動影響青少年學習之相關研究卻不多，本研究旨在探討運動參與對於青少年的自我效能和學業成就是否產生影響，選取台中、彰化地區741位（男生364人，女生377人）公、私立高三學生為研究對象，研究工具包括運動參與量表、自我效能量表與學測五科總級分為其學業成就，以t考驗、皮爾遜積差相關和多元逐步迴歸進行統計分析。研究結果發現（一）男生運動參與高於女生；另外在任務、解決困難、計劃性效能高於女生；女生在自我調節、英文效能高於男生，但是男女生學業成就無顯著差異；（二）青少年運動參與、自我效能與學業成就呈現顯著正相關；（三）青少年運動參與和自我效能可以正向預測學業成就，最後依研究結果提出相關建議以供參考。

The first purpose of this study was to compare the gender differences among adolescents' exercise participation, self-efficacy and academic achievement. The second purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among exercise participation, self-efficacy and academic achievement in adolescence. The third purpose of this study was to examine how exercise participation in adolescence predicted self-efficacy and academic achievement in adolescence. Seven hundred forty-one ninth grade adolescents from eight high schools in Taichung and Changhua Counties participated in the study. The instruments for this study were Exercise Participation Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale (multidimensional self-efficacy for exercise scale, Children's Self-Efficacy Scale). The descriptive statistic, t-test, Pearson correlations, and multiple regressions were conducted to test each research question. The results clearly showed that:1. Boys showed higher scores than girls on exercise participation, task, coping and scheduling efficacy. Girls showed higher scores than boys on self-regulating and English efficacy. There was no gender difference in academic achievement.2. Exercise participation, self-efficacy, and academic achievement in adolescence were significantly positive correlations.3. Exercise participation and self-efficacy could be used to predict academic achievement.