幼兒對遊戲之圖畫表現：遊戲者之觀點

Children's Graphical Representations Of Play: The Player's Persecive

本研究藉由幼兒之圖畫與口語表達資料，對於幼兒之遊戲觀點進行質性研究。本研究之研究對象來自研究者於美國德州奧斯汀中文學校所教授之中文班，包含六位四至五歲之女孩與八位四至五歲之男孩，一位男孩為高加瑣裔，其餘為亞洲裔。於繪圖活動中，研究對象依「畫出你最喜愛的遊戲」之要求，個別繪圖於A-4格式之紙張。本研究之幼兒圖畫與口語表現顯示，可能事件、焦點、與過程是遊戲主要特徵之三個項目，而幼兒以圖畫符號表現其對遊戲之觀點時，形成諸如方向、路徑、與速度等概念，暨聯想式、集合式、與鏈結式思考。幼兒圖畫中以圖畫符號表現之幼兒遊戲觀點，對由可能事件、焦點、與過程三個觀點，進行遊戲功能暨幼兒思考與概念形成之研究，有相當大的幫助。於幼兒教育實務之應用上，教師可為幼兒設計不向型態的遊戲活動，並於遊戲活動後提供幼兒繪畫活動，讓幼兒以圖畫與口語表現，表達他們對所進行遊戲的看法，以增進幼兒形成不同型態之思考與概念。

This study eamined qualitatively children's perspectives on play with the aid of children's drawings along with their berbal expressions. The subjects of the study included six girls and eight boys of ages from four to five in a Chinese class the researcher taught at Austin Chinese School, Texas. One boy is Caucasian and the other subjects are Asian. During the drawing activity the children did their drawings in an A-4 size paper individually on their own under the request, 'Draw your favorite play.'The children's graphical representations along with their verbal expressions suggested contingency, focus, and process as three of the essential characteristics of play and revealed the children's formation of concepts such as direction, path, and speed and complex thinking of association, collection, and chain in representing their perspectives on play with graphical symbols. Children's perspectives as represented by the graphical symbols in children's drawings are very helphul in examining the function of play and children's formation of thinking and concept from the perspectives of contingency, focus, and process. For educational practice in early childhood education, teachers may design different types of play activities for children and provide children with a drawing activity after a play activity for children to produce grahical and verbal representations of their play to enhance their formation of complex thinking and concepts of various types.