刑事審判程序中數位證據的證據能力以傳聞法則及驗真程序為主

The Admissibility of Digital Evidence at Criminal Trai1 F ocusing on the Hearsay Rule and Authentication

在數位型態的證據問世後，當事人也逐漸開始在刑事審判程序中提出數位證據，藉以證明待正事實的存否。不過，如同其他類型的證據，數位證據也必須要具備有證據能力，方可提出於審判期日，進行證據調查，作為認定犯罪事實之用。在諸多決定數位證據之證據能力的規則或程序中，作為關鍵之一，當屬其有無及如何適用傳聞法則。此外，當事人在程序中常爭執數位證據受有變造或是內容不實，如何決定類似爭議，也是刑事審判中的重要問題。這一篇論文便是以此三議題為主軸，首先探究不同類型的數位證據與傳聞法則間的關係，確認其是否有傳聞法則的適用，以及何種數位證據方有傳聞法則的適用，次處理數位證據的驗真問題，並在最後針對我國法制及審判實務提出具體的建議。

At criminal proceedings, parties bring digital evidence at criminal trial to prove what they c1aim after data in digital form appears. However, digital evidence, likes other kinds of evidence, should be admissible in order to be provided to prove c1aimed facts at trial. Among rules and procedures to decide whether digital evidence is admissible, the hearsay rule and authentication process are significantly crucial. This artic1e discusses the relationship between digital evidence and the hearsay rule and when this rule applies to digital evidence. In addition, this article also analyzes the authentication of digital evidence and tries to provide the practice with relative suggestions.