團隊安全感氛圍與團隊認知閉合需求對資訊分享與創新績效的影響

Team Safety Climate and Teams’ Need for Cognitive Closure on Information Sharing and Team Innovation

組織需透過團隊創新來維持競爭力，因此，什麼樣的因素會促使團隊展現創新績效，是一項重要的課題。本研究依據De Dreu、Nijstad與van Kippenberg（2008）的動機資訊處理模型（motivated information processing model）來探討團隊安全感氛圍、團隊認知閉合需求、資訊分享與創新績效的關係。本研究設計了一份團隊認知閉合需求量表，並進行量表的信、效度檢測。在正式研究中，研究者進行了兩項研究，研究一以學生團隊為對象，樣本來自116位成員所組成的22個團隊；研究二以組織內團隊為對象，樣本來自431位成員所組成的51個團隊。兩研究之研究結果皆顯示，當團隊成員們知覺的團隊安全感氛圍愈高，團隊內的資訊分享程度也愈高；而團隊認知閉合需求愈高，則團隊資訊分享程度則愈低。此外，團隊資訊分享程度與團隊創新績效呈現顯著正向關係。研究者進一步分析團隊資訊分享的可能中介效果，研究結果僅研究一之學生團隊支持團隊安全感氛圍會透過團隊資訊分享，進而影響團隊創新績效。本文最後針對研究結果進行討論，並提出相關理論意涵。

Team innovation has been highlighted as a core competence for organizations to maintain competitive advantage. Thus, what kinds of factors could improve team innovation is an essential issue. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between team safety climate, teams’ need for cognitive closure, team information sharing, and team innovation. The study designed a team level scale of need for cognitive closure and examined its’ construct validity. The formal research conducted two studies, study one contained a sample of 22 teams with 116 team members from two universities, and study two contained a sample of 51 teams and 431 team members form fifteen organizations. The results of the two studies showed that team safety climate was significantly and positively related to team information sharing, teams’ need for cognitive closure was significantly and negatively related to team information sharing, and team information sharing was significantly and positively related to team innovation. Furthermore, results from study one showed that team information sharing mediated the relationship between team safety climate and team innovation. We discussed the implications of our findings and study limitations.