弦樂資優生練琴方法和練琴態度與術科成績之相關研究

The Study of Relationships among Methods in Practice, Attitudes in Practice and Grade of Musical Achievement of the Gifted Students with Strings Major in the Music-Talented Class

本研究旨在探討音樂資優班中主修弦樂器之高中生的練琴方法和練琴態度與術科成績間的關係。研究採問卷調查法，以臺灣中部地區113名（男生23人；女生90人）主修弦樂的音樂資優高中生為研究對象，並施以自編的「弦樂資優生練琴方法問卷調查表」和「弦樂資優生練琴態度問卷調查表」進行調查。回收問卷所得之資料以描述性統計、t檢定、F檢定、多因子變異數分析、費雪爾氏最小顯著差異測驗法、典型相關分析法、多元迴歸分析法等統計法進行資料分析。研究之主要結果如下：一、高一和高三的弦樂資優生在練琴方法上的「會注意音準」，較高二的弦樂資優生正確。二、每週練琴時間達20（以上）－25小時的弦樂資優生比每週練琴時間達0-5小時的弦樂資優生，在「練長音和基本弓法」、「使用節拍器慢練」和「思考弓法之適當性」三個練琴方法上較正確。三、弦樂資優生的「練琴方法」較正確其「練琴態度」也較佳。四、弦樂資優生每週的練琴時間越多及學習弦樂器的年限越長，術科成績也就越高。

The purposes of this study were to explore the relationships among methods in practice， attitudes in practice and grade of musical achievement of the gifted senior students with strings major in the music-talented class. The questionnaires survey method was used in this research. The samples were 113 gifted senior students (23 males and 90 females) with strings major in the musical gifted class from the central area of Taiwan; these subjects were investigated by using two self-developed questionnaires of ＂Methods in Practice of Gifted Students with Strings Major Questionnaires＂ and ＂Attitudes in Practice of Gifted Students with Strings Major Questionnaires＂. The data were analyzed by using statistical procedures which included descriptive statistics， t-test， F test， factorial ANOVA， Fisher' s Least Significant Difference (LSD)， canonical correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. 　　The major results are summarized as follows: l.Gifted students in tenth and twentieth grade with strings major had more correct practice methods in ＂Paying attention to the intonation during practice＂ than gifted students in eleventh grade with strings major. 2.Gifted students with strings major whose total practice hours around 20-25 per week had more correct practice methods in ＂Practicing son file and basic strokes at beginning，＂ ＂Using slow tempo with metronome in practice＂ and ＂Thinking about the appropriation of strokes during practice＂ than those whose total practice hours around 0-5 per week. 3.The more correct methods gifted students with strings major practice， the better attitudes they have. 4.Gifted students with strings major who spent more practice hours per week and had much more learning experiences received higher grades than those with shorter ones.