國小資優學生學習策略、認知風格與獨立研究能力相關性之研究

Understanding the Relationship among Learning Strategies, Cognitive Styles and Independent Study of Gifted Elementary Students

本研究之主要目的為了解國小資優學生的學習策略、認知風格與獨立研究能力之相關。以高雄市五、六年級資優生189人為研究樣本，以「國小學童學習策略量表」、「國小學生認知風格量表」進行施測，並由資優班教師以本研究自編之「獨立研究能力檢核表」評鑑資優學生的獨立研究能力。本研究結果發現：一、國小資優生的訊息處理策略、學習輔助術、自我測驗等三項學習策略與獨立研究能力有顯著正相關，與專心策略、考試策略有顯著負相關。二、國小資優生認知風格中的分析技能、空間技能與獨立研究能力有顯著的正相關。三、國小資優生最為偏好的學習策略依序為：態度、動機、考試等。四、國小資優生最擅長的認知風格依序為：區別技能、記憶技能、分類技能等。五、資優女生的學習輔助術及自我測驗與男生有顯著差異，且女生優於男生。六、資優男女生的認知風格沒有顯著差異。七、獨立研究能力高、中、低三組之學習策略中，訊息處理、自我測驗的得分有顯著差異。八、獨立研究能力高、中、低三組之認知風格中，同時處理技能、分類技能、分析技能、空間技能、記憶技能皆有顯著差異。本研究根據上述結果進行討論，並提出相關建議以供教育參考。

The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship among the learning strategies, cognitive styles and independent study of the gifted elementary students. Moreover, the study administrated three assessments so as to collect data form 189 grade 5 and grade 6 gifted students experiencing independent study. The results indicate that: 1. There is significantly positive relationship between three learning strategies (the information processing, study aids, self testing) and independent study. Moreover, there is significantly negative relationship between two learning strategies (concentration, test strategies) and independent study. 2. There is significantly positive relationship between two cognitive styles (analytic skill, spatial skill) and independent study. 3. The learning strategies preferred by gifted students are listed in order: attitude, motivation, test strategies, time management, concentration, selecting main ideas, study aids, self testing, the information processing. 4. The cognitive styles preferred by gifted students are listed in order: discrimination skill, memory skill, categorization skill, analytic skill, spatial skill, simultaneous processing skill, sequential processing skill. 5.There are significant differences between gifted girls and boys and girls are superior to two learning strategies (study aids, self testing). 6.There is no significant difference of cognitive styles between gifted girls and boys. 7. There are significant differences of two learning strategies (the information processing, self testing) between three levels of abilities of independent study. 8.There are significant differences of cognitive styles (simultaneous processing skill, categorization skill, analytic skill, spatial skill, memory skill). According to the results, the study offers related implications and suggestions for future researches.