臺中地區學齡前幼兒父母共親職之探討

A Study of Preschooler Parents’ Coparenting in Taichung Area

本研究主要目的在探討學齡前幼兒父母共親職之現況，探討重點乃在深入分析學齡前幼兒父母雙方對自己以及配偶在共親職的看法與二者的差異，以及父母親個人背景在共親職表現的差異。研究者參酌學者編製之問卷量表，編製「父母共親職量表」為研究工具，針對臺中地區 3-6 歲就讀於公私立幼稚園、托兒所的學齡前幼兒父母為研究對象。採分層隨機抽樣法抽取園所內的幼兒父母，有效樣本數為 673 對雙親家庭父母，共 1346份。問卷調查所得資料，分別採用信度與因素分析、描述性統計、t 考驗、皮爾森積差相關與變異數分析等統計方法進行分析與處理。 本研究之結果顯示，臺中地區幼兒父母共親職現況屬中等以上程度，幼兒父親在教養協議、親職分工與整體共親職的參與程度皆顯著低於幼兒母親；幼兒父親自認為在教養協議、親職分工與共親職方面，自己的付出不如太太；幼兒母親也認為先生在教養協議、支持、親職分工與共親職方面的付出不如自己。幼兒父親自評顯著高於太太對他共親職參與的評量，而幼兒母親的自評，與先生對她的評量，除了在親職分工外，其餘均未達顯著之差異，此即顯示幼兒母親自認在教養上的勞務付出與先生認為的有所不同，母親自評自己在勞務親職分工的參與，顯著高於先生對她的評量。此外，父母親個人之年齡、教育程度與社經地位等方面，在其共親職表現上有部份的差異存在。

  The purpose of this study is to examine preschooler parents’ parenting and parent-child relationships. Questionnaires， ＂the coparenting scale＂ is designed editing from other academic professions’ survey to target pre-school children who are three to six years old in Taichung public or private kindergartens together with their parents. Through stratified random sampling method， the effective sample was 673 pairs of parents at two-parent families in a total of 1346 copies. Data analysis and processing on these questionnaires are through descriptive statistics ， t-test， Pearson product-moment correlation and one-way nalysis of variance. The main results are Coparenting in Taichung is above the average level. The father in early childhood education agreement， parental division of labor and the overall total of parental involvement parental child care were significantly lower than the mother. The father thinks that their disbursement for child rearing the agreement， parental division of labor and common aspects of parenting are less than their wife. Fathers’ self-evaluating is higher than their wives’ thought in coparenting and parental division of labor. And mothers’ self-evaluating is higher than their husbands’ thought as well in parental division of labor. There are significant age， educational level， socio-economic status differences on part coparenting aspects.