肢體障礙高職畢業生職業適應情形之研究

A study on the vocational adjustment of physical disabilities graduating from a special school

本研究旨在瞭解肢體障礙高職畢業生的職業適應情形，及探討各背景變項對職業適應的預測力及差異情形。研究對象為國立彰化仁愛實驗學校82～89學年度目前就業中之高職畢業生，採問卷調查的方式，所得資料以次數分配、t 考驗及多元逐步回歸分析等統計方法進行處理。另外，並訪談五位上級主管，瞭解其對肢體障礙高職畢業生職業適應及學校課程安排知有關建議。綜合本研究結果如下：一、肢體障礙高職畢業生的就業率約為27.2﹪，工作內容多為事務工作人員，少數為服務工作人員及售貨員。二、肢體障礙高職畢業生就業後在整體及職業適應各向度上皆偏向滿意的感受。職業適應各向度由高而低，依次是工作行為表現、工作角色行為、工作滿意度。三、工作訓練、家庭社經地位、雇用態度對肢體障礙高職畢業生就業後的職業適應具有預測力。四、肢體障礙高職畢業生畢業後的職業適應會因工作訓練、家庭社經地位、雇用態度之不同而有差異。五、肢體障礙高職畢業生再職場上的工作表現雇主多表滿意，但應在專業技能、人際關係及工作態度等方面加強。六、肢體障礙高職畢業生在職場上所面臨的問題包括有物理環境及生理外觀限制，影響其工作表現。七、學校課程應加強學生的職業適應能力，並與廠商合作，將職場的工作內容與工具納入學校教學內容。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the vocational adjustment of physical disabilities graduating from a special school， the predictive performances of each variable of the vocational adjustment， and the different situations of each background variable. The subjects of the study were physical disabilities graduating from NCHJH Special School and adapting questionnaires to explore. All data used frequency distribution， t-test， and multiple stepwise regression to deal with. And interviewing 5 employers to understand their views of how to improve the vocational adjustment and the relative suggestions of curriculum arrangement in special school. The result indicates that: 1. The employment rate of the sample is 27.2%. Most of them had the job as administrative work， less of them had the job as service and sales work. 2. Employed graduates tended to satisfy with the whole work adjustment and each variable. The work adjustment degrees from high to low were the task performance， work role behavior， and work satisfaction. 3. The work training， parents' socioeconomic status， employed attitude were the predictive factors. 4. The work adjustment of employed graduates changed due to work training， parents， socioeconomic status， employed attitude. 5. Employers were satisfied with most of the employed graduates' work performance. But employed graduates should improve in professional skills， social relationship and work attitude. 6. The difficulties in the job-site of employed graduates included the physical environment， and the limitation of physiological appearance. These affect their work performance.7. The curriculum in school should improve the students， abilities of work adjustment. The school should cooperate with factories and companies， and put the contents of working and tools into school's curriculum.