創新機會辨識：創業警覺能力、先前知識與資訊獲取之關聯性研究

Recognizing Innovative Opportunities: The Relationship between Entrepreneurial Alertness, Prior Knowledge, and Information Acquisition

機會辨識是創業過程中的第一步，然而，現有文獻對個人辨識機會的過程及相關因素之關係仍相當模糊，為進一步瞭解為何某些人能辨識出創新的創業機會，本研究探討先前知識、資訊獲取與創業警覺能力對於創新機會辨識之影響，並以認知心理觀點為基礎，分析創業警覺能力之中介角色。本文以創業者為研究對象，採隨機方式選取新設企業主發放問卷，並運用時間隔離法將問卷分為兩階段發放，共回收有效樣本85份。研究結果發現，先前知識與資訊獲取管道對於創業警覺能力有正向顯著影響；此外，先前知識會透過詮釋能力之中介效果影響創新機會辨識；最後進行結果討論並提出理論與實務意涵。

Opportunity recognition is often an initial, but crucial step in the entrepreneurial process. However, the process of the opportunity recognition and the relationship between key factors are still ambiguous. The research question in this study is: why do some people discover innovative opportunities but not others? This research is to elaborate on the relationships between entrepreneurs’ prior knowledge, information acquisition, and entrepreneurial alertness. We additionally examine the mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. This study examines entrepreneurs in Taiwan. Participants in the study were founders who had founded new companies recently. We randomly mailed two-stages questionnaires to the entrepreneurs and 85 valid returns were obtained. Results indicate that prior knowledge and information acquisition sources had positive effects on innovativeness of opportunity recognition. Moreover, interpretation ability was both positively associated with the innovativeness of opportunities and mediated the relationship between prior knowledge and opportunity recognition. Finally, theoretical and practical implications were discussed.