新產品開發團隊網絡結構、關係系絡與績效：共享知識之中介效果

The Influences of Team Network Structure and Relational Context on New Product Development Performance: The Mediation Effect of Shared Knowledge

儘管新產品開發團隊之群體社會性網絡結構與關係系絡已逐漸被研究者認為是影響知識活動的重要因素，但這些因素彼此間的交互效果對於創新管理的影響，仍須進一步檢驗。為此，本研究採團隊層次資料收集與分析，以探究群體網絡結構與關係系絡內涵之直接與互動效果，是否會對團隊共享之任務知識蓄積及新產品開發績效產生影響。此外，本研究亦探討團隊成員間透過知識交換活動後，所形成之共享知識在網絡結構因素與新產品開發績效間的中介效果。研究結果發現，團隊之網絡密度與各關係系絡內涵變數（信任、互惠）的互動效果，皆對共享知識之質量產生顯著影響。而共享知識對於新產品開發績

Social factors in a networked group have been proposed as influential forces on collective knowledge and innovation activities. However, the interactive effects of variables from the distinctive dimensions these on knowledge and innovation management have yet been unclear. The present research, collecting and analyzing data on the group level-of-analysis, investigates the interactive effects of social structure and relational context on group knowledge sharing and new product development performance. Further, shared knowledge is discussed with dimensions of knowledge-sharing quality and quantity. Overall results suggest that network density and all interactive effects relating to this antecedent and relational context are positively and significantly influence knowledge sharing and NPD performance. The mediation effect of shared knowledge in the model is supported. Surprisingly, however, the network centralization was negative influence on shared knowledge supported; Moreover, the expected negative moderation of relational context does not show in our results. These surprising results, against our theoretical articulation, implies that further discussion on the traditionally perceived, if not common-sense, impacts of network centralization on knowledge activities need to be further re-investigated with careful theoretical elaboration.