責任能力判定要件之近期實務動向

Critical Comments on Selected Criminal Decisions: Responsibility Capacity

刑事責任的課處以符合罪責原則（Schuldprinzip）為前提，罪責原則強調僅當行為人對於法益侵害行為及其結果，具備可能決定是否執行該侵害行為的能力時，才能構成犯罪並科處刑罰；相反來看，倘若行為人欠缺此項能力，即使行為人已經侵害法益，亦不足以讓行為擔負起刑事責任。要求行為人具體最起碼承擔責任的能力（Zurechnungsfähigkeit），才能肯認犯罪成立，認定行為人具有可非難性，此即刑法罪責原則強調「無罪責，無刑罰」的體現。

This article analyzes the current development of criminal decisions upon capacity for responsibility. As Taiwan’s Criminal Code provided, the sentencing of responsibility capacity can be divided into two-pronged tests: the biological and the psychological. The author tries to extract important judgment issues and practical viewpoints from Taiwan’s supreme court’s decisions for future academic research.