國中小教科書開放政策困境與因應之探討   全文下載

A study of the difficulties and problem-solving of the textbook open-up policy for the elementary and junior high schools

教科書一綱多本政策是為追求教育的多元與自由，期望透過競爭來提昇教科書品質，實施至今雖然達成部分理想，卻也出現了預期之外的發展。研究者分析台灣教科書開放政策實施後的現況，加上自身在教育現場實務工作經驗的心得，歸納教科書開放政策後產生的困境包含：（1）升學制度的影響、（2）教師缺乏教科書評選的專業能力、（3）教科書價上揚與回收問題、（4）教科書品質不一且評鑑制度尚未落實、（5）教科書行銷爭議與市場壟斷，及（6）少子化的衝擊等。本文針對上述困境提出因應的建議：（1）加強宣導升學考試訊息，並持續改變升學制度；（2）提昇教師的專業能力，宣導教科書評選觀念與行銷行為；（3）政府對於教科書的價格應進行合理的干預，並朝免費提供努力；（4）嚴格要求教科書品質，落實教科書評鑑；（5）「少子化」可能產生的市場衝擊，需要提早研擬因應對策；（6）為了避免壟斷情形，應由政府補助優良書商研發經費。

The policy of one guide-multiple text is implemented for the diversity and freedom in education， expecting to promote the quality of textbooks. Ideals of the policy have been partly fulfilled; however， unexpected development is found as well. By analyzing the condition of school education after the policy was implemented together with what the researcher has learned from the working experiences in the school environment， findings of the difficulties of the textbook open-up policy include (1) the impact of admission system， (2) the lack of teachers' specialized abilities in the selection of textbooks， (3) the rise of textbook price and textbooks recycling， (4) the variations in the quality of the textbooks and the evaluation system on the textbooks not being implemented， (5) the abuse of textbook publishers' commercial behaviors on campus and (6) the monopoly by certain publishers， and the impact of declining birthrate. Based on the difficulties induced， following suggestions are made: (1) to supply information on admission exams， and continue making efforts in changing the current admission system; (2) to promote teacher's specialized ability， emphasizing the importance of teachers' conception of textbooks selection and knowledge of publisher's marketing behaviors; (3) the government should reasonably control the prices of textbooks and put efforts in the goal of supplying free textbooks; (4) to strictly require for the quality of the textbooks and implement the evaluation system of the textbooks; (5) to face the possible impact of declining birthrate on the market and come up with appropriate problem-solving approaches beforehand; (6) to avoid the monopoly by certain publishers， the government should give financial support to any publisher contributing to the making of quality textbooks.