運動員「賽前非理性信念量表」之編製研究

Development and Validation of the Athletes’Irrational Beliefs Scale Before Competition

本研究旨在編製一具有信、效度的「運動員賽前非理性信念量表」，作為國內運動員之評量工具，以利運動心理相關實務工作者快速評估，提供更適切之訓練策略與介入作為。本研究以國內大專校院193位運動員為研究對象，研究工具為研究者自編之「運動員賽前非理性信念量表」。問卷經回收整理後，透過SPSS24.0和AMOS28.0統計軟體進行資料分析，研究結果如下：
1.運動員賽前非理性信念量表總計11題，包含「災難化思考」6題、「過度要求」5題。
2.本量表內部一致性α係數分析，「災難化思考」分量表α值為.857，「過度要求」分量表α值為.818，總量表α值為.914，顯示具有良好內部一致性信度。
3.本量表具備建構效度，運動員賽前焦慮非理性信念的因素結構獲得支持。
4.本量表題數少、構念清晰且施測時間短，雖無法推論不同類型運動員之狀況，仍可望提供運動員進行自評或教練、運動心理諮詢師介入處理之參考。

This study aimed to develop a reliable and valid Athletes’Irrational Beliefs Scale Before Competition as a psychological assessment tool for Taiwanese athletes, enabling sports psychology practitioners to rapidly evaluate pre-competition cognitive distortions and design targeted interventions. A total of 193 collegiate athletes in Taiwan participated in the study. The research instrument, developed by the author, was administered through an online questionnaire, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 28.0. The main findings are as follows:
1. The scale consists of 11 items across two factors: catastrophic thinking (6 items) and excessive demands (5 items).
2. Internal consistency reliability was satisfactory, with Cronbach’sαvalues of .857 for catastrophic thinking, .818 for excessive demands, and .914 for the total scale.
3. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor structure, demonstrating good construct validity.
4. The scale features concise items, clear constructs, and brief administration time, making it practical for use in both assessment and intervention. Although the scale may not fully capture the beliefs of athletes from different sports disciplines, it provides a valuable tool for self-assessment and for coaches and sport psychologists to formulate more effective psychological training strategies.