榮格筮例析論――對《易經》敘事的啟發與運用

Jung Divination Case Analysis - Inspiration and Application to the Narrative of I- Ching Divination

1950年英文版《易經》在紐約出版。榮格（Carl Gustav Jung，1875-1961）為其寫序加以推薦。他為了讓讀者了解《易經》占卜的操作過程與方式，分別針對英譯版推廣的結果，以及自己在此推廣工作中的角色與處境，作為問卦主題，以錢幣起卦並占卦。榮格此舉，乃為「心理諮商」與「《易經》象數」，作出了跨域的實務示範。本文由《易》占之神靈議題、占卦歷程，以及實務操作等三個層面，梳理出榮格筮例特色，若將其運用於《易經》敘事上，可能的運用與發展方向：首先，榮格認為《易經》乃「靈的存有」，同時「《易經》徹底主張自知」，可見「神諭」與「自諭」，表面上是矛盾排他，實則可以並存。故《易經》敘事，對於神靈議題，建議宜採取現象學「存而不論」（Epoché）的態度，加以「懸置」；其次，榮格占卦歷程，採用「互為主體」（intersubjectivity）的對話方式。藉由不斷「心理位移」（psychological displacement）以達到自我覺察的效用。這同時也是《易經》敘事具有自我覺察的主因；最後，榮格以六爻作為對話「鷹架」（scaffolding），並善用《易經》圖像作為占卦素材。此為《易經》敘事，在實務設計上，提供了相當值得發展的方向與示範。

In 1950, the English edition of I-Ching was published in New York. Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) wrote a preface for it and recommended it. In order to help readers understand the operation process and methods of IChing divination, he raised two questions: the results of publishing and promotion, and his own role and situation in this work. He used coins to divination and interpret. The Jung Divination Case is a cross-domain practical demonstration of ''psychological counseling'' and ''I-Ching divination''. If the characteristics of Jung's divination examples are applied to the Narrative of I-Ching divination. Possible applications and development directions: First, Jung believed that ''I-Ching thoroughly advocates self-knowledge'', so although it is a ''spiritual existence'', it should not be superstitious. Therefore, the Narrative of I-Ching divination suggests adopting the phenomenological attitude of ''keeping it in mind but not discussing it'' (Epoché) and ''suspending'' the issue of gods. Secondly, Jung’s divination process uses an intersubjectivity dialogue method. Through constant psychological displacement, one can achieve self-awareness. This is also the main reason why Narrative of I-Ching divination is self-aware; Finally, Jung used the six yao as dialogue scaffolding and made good use of the images in I-Ching as narrative material. This is the narrative of I-Ching divination, which is a direction worthy of development in practical design. Whether it is used in writing, teaching, or as a medium for psychological counseling sessions.