從參與式社會設計視角探討地景治理之實踐：以桃園龍潭及龍岡為例

Exploring the Practice of Landscape Governance from the Perspective of Participatory Social Design: Taking Longtan and Longgang in Taoyuan Examples

本文旨在探討如何從參與式社會設計的視角切入地景治理，以應對傳統規劃面臨的困境。社會現代化進程使居住環境及地方社會產生巨大的變化，因此，地方、社區與政府期盼透過創新且包容的方法來促進政策、空間及文化層面的規劃，而參與式社會設計強調多利害關係者的參與和協作，於地景治理中產生整合及可持續的效果。本研究採取參與式行動研究，透過工作坊、參與式觀察、深度訪談以及文本分析等研究方法，探討地方面對不同困境運用地景治理的模式，二個案研究分別為：桃園龍潭─以客庄文化復興導向、桃園龍岡─以多元到混血的發展路徑。本研究重要性在關注「地方」參與地域振興所引發的社會實踐的力量，進而形塑出地景治理的路徑。研究發現，地景治理的模式有以下三項決定性因素：（一）參與式社會設計為核心的治理模式；（二）跨文化與多空間尺度的治理；（三）創新實踐的社會計畫。本研究認為，社會設計理念支持下的地方參與促成公私協力的運作，解決地方危機，重組和調整了治理體系與社會生態關係，開創新的發展局面。

This paper explores landscape governance through the lens of participatory social design, addressing the challenges faced by traditional planning approaches. The process of modernization has profoundly transformed living environments and local communities. As a result, local governments, communities, and stakeholders seek to implement planning innovations that are inclusive and promote policy, spatial, and cultural development. Participatory social design emphasizes the active involvement and collaboration of diverse stakeholders, fostering integrated and sustainable outcomes in landscape governance. This study employs participatory action research to examine the various models of landscape governance tailored to distinct local challenges. Two case studies are analyzed: Longtan in Taoyuan, focused on the revival of Hakka culture; Longgang in Taoyuan, which emphasizes diverse and hybrid development pathways. The research underscores the significance of“local”engagement in driving the social practices essential for regional revitalization, thereby shaping effective landscape governance strategies. The study identifies three critical determinants for successful landscape governance models: (1) governance frameworks centered on participatory social design; (2) governance that spans across cultural and spatial scales; and (3) innovative social planning practices. The findings suggest that local participation, underpinned by social design principles, facilitates effective public-private collaboration, addresses local crises, reconfigures governance systems and socio-ecological relationships, and paves the way for new avenues of development.