公眾的科學想像：Taiwan Biobank的參與民眾經驗、風險與科學樂觀主義

Public Imaginaries of Science: Taiwan Biobank Participants’Experiences, Risk, and Scientific Optimism

本文帶入「公眾的科學想像」概念，採用結合量化與質性的混合式研究方法（mixed methods），以詮釋取徑，由下而上分析TBB參與者對國家型基因資料庫的態度、認知與想像。首先，本文分析指出，參與者從個人、公民與國家三個層次，將「參與」視為一種利他的公民實踐，隱含貢獻臺灣下一代健康的集體情感，並鑲嵌於公民責任與國家發展的臺灣性想像中。其次，TBB參與者對「誰代表臺灣人」的想像，不僅普遍將四大族群視為代表臺灣人基因的人群分類，也強調納入具臺灣身分證的新住民，呈現出基於臺灣地理疆界、且具有合法公民身分的生物公民權想像。最後，TBB參與者在權衡風險的決策過程中，部分受訪者呈現出「閉著眼睛捐贈」的特性，受訪者強調從「利大於弊」的角度思考，較不關注「現在不可見、無法想像」的風險，更展現出對國家「生醫科技島」之未來願景的樂觀期待。本文分析TBB參與者做為「承諾公眾」的多元想像與集體願景，藉此凸顯科學計畫中公眾主體性的意涵，並闡明其賦予國家型基因資料庫的公共意義與正當性。

This article employs the concept of“public imaginaries of science”through a mixed-methods design, integrating quantitative and qualitative data within an interpretative approach to explore the experiences and values of Taiwan Biobank (TBB) participants. The article argues that TBB participants interpreted their participation as altruistic civic actions at personal, civic, and national levels. Participants were motivated by a collective belief in contributing to the health of the next generation of Taiwanese, a belief shaped by imaginaries concerning future national development. When discussing“Who represents Taiwanese?”informants highlighted the four great ethnic groups as representatives of a Taiwanese genome, and emphasized the inclusion of new residents with Taiwanese ID cards-an imaginary of biological citizenship grounded in Taiwanese subjectivity, genetic makeup, and citizenship. Participants deemphasized“currently invisible and unimaginable”risks when believing that the benefits outweighed the risks, especially expressing scientific optimism for a“Biomedical Technology Island.”The diverse imaginaries and collective visions of TBB participants suggest the emergence of“promissory publics”highlighting the significance of public subjectivity in scientific projects and public meanings and legitimacy conferred on a national biobank.