護理臨床教師工作壓力與教學行為之關聯性——以工作滿意、集體效能為調節變項

The Correlation between Job Stress and Teaching Behavior among Nurse Preceptors: Job Satisfaction and Collective Efficacy as Moderating Variables

目的：護理臨床教師的工作除了指導的新進人員，尚須照顧病患，勢必增加負荷，承受了
巨大的壓力。本研究目的探討護理臨床教師工作滿意、集體效能在工作壓力對教學行為的
調節效果。方法：本研究採橫斷面、問卷調查設計方式，以中部一所區域教學醫院198位合格臨床護理教師為受試對象。問卷包括基本資料、工作壓力、工作滿意、集體效能、教學行為
等量表。結果：工作壓力與工作滿意（r=-0.38, p<0.01）、集體效能（r=-0.22, p<0.01）及教學行為（r=-0.14, p<0.05）達顯著低度負相關。工作滿意與集體效能（r=0.46, p<0.01）、教學行為（r=0.51, p<0.01）達顯著中度正相關。集體效能與教學行為（r=0.50, p<0.01）達顯著中度正相關。集體效能在工作壓力與教學行為之間發揮調節的作用。結論：團體層次的集體效能扮演工作壓力與教學行為之間調節效果高於個人層次的工作滿意。組織應該做為臨床教師的後盾，試圖減輕工作壓力、凝聚高集體效能和激勵臨床教師的氛圍。

Objectives. In addition to supervising new recruits, nurse preceptors also have to take care of patients, which inevitably increase the load and bear great pressure. The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effects of job satisfaction and collective efficacy on job stress on teaching behavior of nursing clinical teachers.
Methods. This study adopted a cross-sectional and questionnaire survey, and selected 198 qualified nurse preceptors from a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan. The question-naire included basic data, job stress, job satisfaction, collective efficacy, teaching behavior.
Results. Job stress is modestly negatively correlated with job satisfaction (r=-0.38, p<0.01), collective efficacy (r=-0.22, p<0.01), and teaching behavior (r=-0.14, p<0.05). Job satisfaction is moderately positively correlated with collective efficacy (r=0.46, p<0.01) and teaching behavior (r=0.51, p<0.01). Collective efficacy is moderately positively correlated with teaching behavior (r=0.50, p<0.01). There is a significant moderate positive correlation between collective efficacy and teaching behavior. Collective efficacy plays a moderating role between job stress and teaching behavior.
Conclusion. The moderating effect of collective efficacy at the group level between job stress and teaching behavior was higher than that of job satisfaction at the individual level. Organizations should act as a backing for nurse preceptors to try to reduce job stress, create a high collective efficacy, and motivate preceptors.
(J Med Health. 2025;14(3):11-24)