心理劇主角經驗受苦困局之詮釋現象學探究

A Study of Hermeneutic Phenomenology of the Protagonist Experiencing Predicaments In Psychodrama

本研究旨在了解心理劇主角在心理劇中經驗受苦困局的「經驗歷程」以及主角的「置身經驗結構」。研究對象皆為心理劇訓練團體中具有主角經驗之成員，研究者訪談三位主角並將其經驗撰寫為經驗描述文為後續研究文本。研究者根據李維倫與賴憶嫺（2009）所提出的現象學分析步驟作為研究方法構成心理劇主角經驗受苦困局之置身結構。本研究歸納出八個心理劇主角經驗受苦困局的普遍經驗分別為：(1)產生面對困局時的痛苦情緒；(2)覺察情緒之下的意涵；(3)受苦困局；(4)離開受苦困局，生發新的想法或感覺；(5)再度落入受苦困局；(6)卡在現實處境不如期待處境的想法中；(7)感受或是想法轉化；(8)與內在受困的自己和解。普遍結構圖呈現出一個「心理劇主角追尋的過程數度落入受苦困局的圖像」，另外本研究也發現「促使主角追尋轉化的內在動力-渴望」。

This study was aimed to understand protagonists’ experiences predicaments and situated structures in psychodrama. Three participants who had experiences of being protagonists in psychodrama training groups were interviewed and the contents were transcribed for further analysis. The analysis steps based on hermeneutic phenomenology by Lee and Lai (2009) were applied. The results identified eight common experiences by protagonists in predicaments, including (a) painful feelings when facing predicaments, (b) awareness of meanings under emotions, (c) predicaments, (d) occurrence of new thoughts or feelings when being separated from predicaments, (e) falling into predicaments again, (f) sticking in the impression that reality is inferior to an expected condition, (g) transformation of thoughts or feelings, and (h) a reconciliation with the inner predicated self. This study also found that a protagonists might experience the sense of being expelled when continually engaging in conversion in psychodrama. In this process of transformation, a desire for change in the protagonist’s inner world may make him or her start on a new psychological journey.