促進城市公共空間安全的關鍵因素：以福州大學城爲例

Key Factors Promoting Safety in Urban Public Spaces: A Case Study of Fuzhou University Town

作爲具有複雜社會屬性的城市公共空間，大學城必須具備促進人際互動的環境特徵，尤其是在人們對個人安全的意識增強、對犯罪的恐懼增加的情況下。本研究探討了促進城市公共空間安全的關鍵因素。通過德爾菲專家問捲，本研究構建了大學城公共空間安全感知因素的層次結構，確定了提昇公共空間安全感的因素，並建立了評價指標體繫。利用層次分析法（AHP），我們構建了大學城公共空間環境因素的相對權重值及重要性排序，並對各指標權重進行了分析。德爾菲研究結果顯示，6個維度和25個指標是關鍵的評估標準。AHP結果表明，最重要的維度是公共空間的設計，而最具影響力的指標是校園大門的嚴格管理。利用這些指標進行的調查可以爲規劃和管理提供有益的見解，改善大學城公共空間的安全性，鼓勵大學城的使用者在公共空間中花更多的時間、進行交流和互動，並建設可持續的城市環境。該評估機製還可以作爲研究框架的衍生工具，助力整體戰略規劃過程的推進，從而促進更加全麵的自我評估機製的建立。

As urban public spaces with complex social attributes, university towns must have environmental characteristics that promote interactions between people, especially as people become more aware of personal safety and afraid of crime. In this study, the key factors promoting safety in urban public spaces are studied. This study constructs a hierarchy of safety perception factors in public spaces in university towns and identifies those that enhance the perception of safety in public spaces through a Delphi expert questionnaire to establish a system of evaluation indicators. Using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), we constructed the relative weight values and importance order of the environmental factors in the public space of university towns and analyzed the in-dicator weights. The results of the Delphi study show that 6 dimensions and 25 indicators are the key evaluation criteria. The AHP results showed that the most significant dimension was the design of public space, and the most influential indicator was the strict management of campus gates. Surveys using these indicators can provide planning and management insights to improve the safety of public spaces in university towns; encourage the users of university towns to spend more time, communicate, and interact in public spaces; and build sustainable urban environments. The evaluation mechanism can also be used as a derivation of the research framework to contribute to the overall strategic planning process, thus contributing to the establishment of a more comprehensive self-evaluation mechanism.